## Syntax
```mermaid
%%{init: {
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'themeVariables': {
'fontSize': '11px',
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flowchart LR
Start((START)) --> UPPER[UPPER]:::quoted
UPPER --> End((END))
```
## Purpose
The `UPPER` SQL function changes all characters in provided text to uppercase.
Parameters:
- Input (`varchar2`): the text that will be converted to uppercase.
Returns: text converted to uppercase as `varchar2`.
## Examples
The following example upper cases `aap noot mies`:
```sql
select upper('aap noot mies')
----------------
AAP NOOT MIES
```
The following example upper cases `JOHN DOE`:
```sql
select upper('JOHN DOE')
----------------
JOHN DOE
```
The following example upper cases`'s-Hertogenbosch`:
```sql
select upper('''s-Hertogenbosch')
----------------
'S-HERTOGENBOSCH
```